There is emerging evidence that microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in helath and diseases. In this regard, gut microbiota has
been found as a crucial component that influences immune responses as
well as immune-related disorders such as autoimmune diseases. Gut
bacterial dysbiosis has
been shown to cause disease and altered microbiota metabolite
synthesis, leading to immunological and metabolic dysregulation. Of
note, microbiota in the gut produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such
as acetate, butyrate, and propionate, and remodeling in these microbiota metabolites has been linked to the pathophysiology of a number of autoimmune disorders such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
In this review, we will address the most recent findings from the most
noteworthy studies investigating the impact of microbiota SCFAs on
various autoimmune diseases.