15/05/1402
The emerging role of exosomal miRNAs as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has been
the world’s driving fatal bacterial contagious disease globally. It
continues a public health emergency, and around one‑third of the global
community has been affected by latent TB infection (LTBI). This is
mostly due to the difficulty in diagnosing and treating patients with TB
and LTBI. Exosomes are nanovesicles (40–100 nm) released from different
cell types, containing proteins, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA, and they
allow the transfer of one’s cargo to other cells. The functional and
diagnostic potential of exosomal miRNAs has been demonstrated in
bacterial infections, including TB. Besides, it has been recognized that
cells infected by intracellular pathogens such as Mtb can be secreting
an exosome, which is implicated in the infection’s fate. Exosomes,
therefore, open a unique viewpoint on the investigative process of TB
pathogenicity. This study explores the possible function of exosomal
miRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker. Moreover, we include the latest data
on the pathogenic and therapeutic role of exosomal miRNAs in TB.